Cyanokit
hydroxocobalamin
hydroxocobalamin
Keep this leaflet. You may need to read it again.
If you have any further questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. See section 4.
What Cyanokit is and what it is used for
What you need to know before Cyanokit is used
How Cyanokit is used
Possible side effects
How Cyanokit is stored
Contents of the pack and other information
Cyanokit contains the active substance hydroxocobalamin.
Cyanokit is an antidote for the treatment of known or suspected cyanide poisoning in all age ranges. Cyanokit is to be administered together with appropriate decontamination and supportive measures.
Cyanide is a highly poisonous chemical. Cyanide poisoning may be caused by exposure to smoke from household and industrial fires, breathing or swallowing cyanide, or contact with cyanide on skin.
Tell your doctor or other health care professional
if you are allergic to hydroxocobalamin or vitamin B12. They will have to take it into account before treating you with Cyanokit.
that you have been treated with Cyanokit if you need to have the following:
any blood or urine tests. Cyanokit may modify the results of these tests.
burn assessement. Cyanokit may interfere with the assessment as it causes red coloration of the skin.
haemodialysis. Cyanokit may lead to shut down of haemodialysis machines until it is eliminated from the blood (at least 5.5 to 6.5 days).
monitoring of renal function: Cyanokit may lead to kidney failure and urine crystals.
Tell your doctor or other health care professional if you are taking, have recently taken or might take any other medicines.
Detailed information for your doctor or other health care professional regarding simultaneous administration of Cyanokit with other medicines can be found at the end of this package leaflet (see 'Handling instructions').
This medicine is an emergency treatment. It can be administered during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Tell your doctor as soon as possible if you were pregnant or think you may have been pregnant during treatment with Cyanokit.
Your doctor will recommend you to stop breast-feeding after treatment with Cyanokit.
Your doctor or health care professional will give you Cyanokit by infusion into a vein. You may need one or two infusions.
You will have the first infusion of Cyanokit over 15 minutes. For adults, the initial dose is 5 g. For children, it is 70 mg/kg body weight, up to a maximum dose of 5 g. If you need a second infusion, you will have it over 15 minutes to 2 hours. It depends on how serious the poisoning is. The maximum total recommended dose is 10 g for adults, and 140 mg/kg in children up to a maximum of 10 g.
Detailed instructions for your doctor or other health care professional on how to prepare the Cyanokit infusion and how to determine the dose can be found at the end of this package leaflet (see 'Handling instructions').
If you have any further questions on the use of this medicine, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. The following side effects may be expected (frequency cannot be estimated from the available data):
Allergy (hypersensitivity)
Tell your doctor immediately if you have the following symptoms during or after this treatment:
swelling around the eyes, lips, tongue, throat or hands
breathing difficulties, hoarseness, difficulty in speaking
skin redness, nettle rash (urticaria) or itching.
Heart and blood pressure problems
symptoms such as headache or dizziness, as they may be due to a rise in blood pressure. This rise in blood pressure especially occurs at the end of having this treatment and usually settles down within several hours
irregular heart beat
redness of the face (flush).
A decrease in blood pressure and a faster heart beat have also been observed in patients who have cyanide poisoning.
Breathing and chest problems
fluid in the chest (pleural effusion)
breathing difficulties
a feeling of tightness in the throat
dry throat
chest pressure.
Renal and urinary problems
kidney injuries such as acute kidney impairment and urine crystals.
red colouration of the urine.
All patients will show a dark red colouration of the urine quite marked during the first three days following administration. Urine colouration may last up to 35 days after administration
of Cyanokit. This red colouration has no other consequences on your body. Gastrointestinal (digestive) problems
discomfort in your stomach
indigestion
diarrhoea
feeling sick (nausea)
being sick (vomiting)
difficulty in swallowing. Eye problems
swelling, irritation, redness. Skin reactions
most patients will experience a reversible red colouration of the skin and membranes lining body cavities (mucous membranes) that may last up to 15 days after administration of Cyanokit.
blister-like lesions on the skin (pustular rashes). These may last for several weeks, and affect mainly the face and the neck.
inflammation in the part of the body where the medicine was infused. Other side effects
restlessness
problems with memory
dizziness
headache
swelling of ankles
changes in the results of blood tests for certain white blood cells (lymphocytes)
coloured plasma, which may cause artificial elevation or reduction in the levels of certain laboratory parameters.
If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. You can also report side effects directly via the national reporting system listed in Appendix V. By reporting side effects you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.
Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.
Do not use this medicine after the expiry date which is stated on the vial, the cardboard box and the carton after EXP.
Do not store above 25°C.
For the purpose of ambulatory use, Cyanokit may be exposed during short periods to the temperature variations of
usual transport (15 days submitted to temperatures ranging from 5 to 40°C)
transport in the desert (4 days submitted to temperatures ranging from 5 to 60°C) and
freezing/defrosting cycles (15 days submitted to temperatures ranging from -20 to 40°C).
For storage conditions of the reconstituted medicine, see 'Handling instructions' at the end of this package leaflet.
Do not throw away any medicines via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to throw away medicines no longer used. These measures will help protect the environment.
The active substance is hydroxocobalamin. Each vial contains 2.5 g of hydroxocobalamin.
After reconstitution with 100 mL of diluent, each mL of the reconstituted solution contains 25 mg of hydroxocobalamin.
The other ingredient is hydrochloric acid (for pH adjustment).
Cyanokit powder for solution for infusion is a dark red crystalline powder supplied in a glass vial closed with bromobutyl rubber stopper and an aluminium cap with a plastic lid.
Each pack contains two vials (each vial packed in one cardboard box), two sterile transfer devices, one sterile intravenous infusion set and one sterile short catheter for administration to children.
SERB S.A.
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1050 Brussels Belgium
Merck Santé s.a.s. / SEMOY 2, rue du Pressoir Vert 45400 Semoy
France Or
SERB S.A.
Avenue Louise 480
1050 Brussels Belgium
Or
SERB
40 avenue George V 75008 Paris
France
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The following information is intended for medical or healthcare professionals only:
Preparation of Cyanokit
Each vial is to be reconstituted with 100 mL of diluent using the supplied sterile transfer device. Sodium chloride 9 mg/mL (0.9%) solution for injection is the recommended diluent. Only when sodium chloride 9 mg/mL (0.9%) solution for injection is not available, Lactated Ringer solution or glucose 50 mg/mL (5%) solution for injection can also be used.
The Cyanokit vial is to be rocked or inverted for at least 30 seconds to mix the solution. It must not be shaken as shaking the vial may cause foam and therefore may make checking reconstitution less easy. Because the reconstituted solution is a dark red solution, some insoluble particles may not be seen. The intravenous infusion set provided in the kit must then be used as it includes an appropriate filter and is to be primed with the reconstituted solution. Repeat this procedure if necessary with the second vial.
Posology
Initial dose
Adults: The initial dose of Cyanokit is 5 g (2 x 100 mL).
Paediatric population: In infants to adolescents (0 to 18 years old), the initial dose of Cyanokit is 70 mg/kg body weight not exceeding 5 g.
Body weight in kg | 5 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
Initial dose | 0.35 | 0.70 | 1.40 | 2.10 | 2.80 | 3.50 | 4.20 |
in g | |||||||
in mL | 14 | 28 | 56 | 84 | 112 | 140 | 168 |
Subsequent dose
Depending upon the severity of the poisoning and the clinical response, a second dose may be administered
Adults: The subsequent dose of Cyanokit is 5 g (2 x 100 mL).
Paediatric population: In infants to adolescents (0 to 18 years old), the subsequent dose of Cyanokit is 70 mg/kg body weight not exceeding 5 g.
Maximum dose
Adults: The maximum total recommended dose is 10 g.
Paediatric population: In infants to adolescents (0 to 18 years old), the maximum total recommended dose is 140 mg/kg not exceeding 10 g.
Renal and hepatic impairment
No dose adjustment is required in these patients.
Method of administration
Initial dose of Cyanokit is administered as an intravenous infusion over 15 minutes.
The rate of intravenous infusion for the second dose ranges from 15 minutes (for patients extremely unstable) to 2 hours based on patient condition.
Simultaneous administration of Cyanokit and other products
Cyanokit must not be mixed with diluents other than sodium chloride 9 mg/mL (0.9%) solution for injection or Lactated Ringer solution or glucose 50 mg/mL (5%) solution for injection.
As physical and chemical incompatibilities were observed with a number of selected medicinal products that are frequently used in resuscitation efforts, these and other medicinal products must not be administered simultaneously in the same intravenous line as hydroxocobalamin.
If blood products (whole blood, packed red cells, platelet concentrate and fresh frozen plasma) and hydroxocobalamin are administered simultaneously, use of separate intravenous lines (preferably on contralateral extremities) is recommended.
In-use stability of the reconstituted solution
Chemical and physical in-use stability of the reconstituted solution with sodium chloride 9 mg/mL (0.9%) has been demonstrated for 6 hours at a temperature between 2°C to 40°C.
From a microbiological point of view, the medicinal product should be used immediately. If not used immediately, in-use storage times and conditions prior to use are the responsibility of the user and would normally not be longer than 6 hours at 2°C to 8°C.